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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
泰安手艺人赶制五福糕点迎新年 守护“舌尖上的年味”******
(新春走基层)泰安手艺人赶制五福糕点迎新年 守护“舌尖上的年味”
中新网泰安1月11日电 题：泰安手艺人赶制五福糕点迎新年 守护“舌尖上的年味”
作者 刘小东 付刚 孙婷婷
将小麦细细研磨成粉、过筛，然后将小麦精粉分成两部分，一部分与水搅拌制成水皮，一部分与猪油混合，制成油酥芯，再将水皮、油皮均分成同样大小，把油皮包入水皮，擀成牛舌状，折叠两次，擀圆，包入以九蒸九晒传统工艺制作出的馅料……1月11日，泰山五福糕点传承人亓永利与其他糕点师傅正赶制五福糕点。
泰山五福糕点传承人亓永利正在制作糕点。 司刚 摄当天，在位于山东省泰安市的泰山五福糕点行生产车间内，一股香甜萦绕鼻尖。身穿统一工作服的几名工作人员正分工合作，制作出一盘盘诱人的糕点。在一处工作台上，一名糕点师傅正用精心雕刻的红木模具制作泰山五福糕点，从模具中压制出的糕点，造型各异，有葫芦、寿桃、鱼，以及带有福、禄、寿、喜、财等字样的糕点。
制作糕点使用的模具。 司刚 摄糕点压制成型后，放入烤盘烘烤。烤制出的糕点，饼皮雪白，口感软糯，满是麦香清新气息。
泰安手艺人制作的五福糕点。 司刚 摄在亓永利看来，泰山一带向来有浓厚的平安“福”文化，因此泰山五福糕点结合泰山文化，将“富贵、长寿、康泰、民安、善终”的五福文化融入，制作出了具有泰山饮食文化特色的泰山五福饼。
泰安手艺人将制作好的饼胚放入烤箱中。 司刚 摄“春节临近，我们制作的泰山五福糕点也进入了热销期，尤其是糕点蕴含着‘泰山五福’文化，非常受消费者青睐。”亓永利告诉记者，泰山区非物质文化遗产泰山五福糕点制作技艺制作出的产品有牛舌饼、蜜三刀、枣花饼、鸡蛋糕、宫廷桃酥等，造型均取自南宋古籍图画，并使用传承下来的红木模具纯手工制作。
泰安手艺人制作五福糕点所使用的芝麻、玫瑰花等食材。 司刚 摄“我们使用的模具，有家族传承下来的，也有四处收集来的，有的模具甚至有长达百余年的历史。这些模具制作精细，每一道纹路都是当年的糕点师傅精心雕刻，用这些模具制作出来的糕点样式精美。”亓永利介绍说，泰山五福糕点采用的原材料均为泰安当地特色农作物，如板栗、核桃、桃花、女儿茶、徂徕山散养山鸡蛋等，是地道泰安特产。
泰安手艺人制作的五福糕点。 司刚 摄“泰山文化博大精深，作为中式糕点的传承人，我将积极响应中式糕点复兴，继续深入挖掘泰山文化，坚持创造性转化、创新性发展。”亓永利称，他将把中式糕点制作和泰山文化结合，不断研发泰安本土特产，保护传承泰山饮食文化。(完)
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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